Classification of life
2. Classification of life
Binomial system of nomenclature
Carolus Linnaeus developed Binomial system of nomenclature. It has two parts one generic name with a capital letter and specific name with a small letter e.g. Homo sapiens. In the modern system each living thing belongs to species , genus, family ,order ,class, phylum(or divisions in plants) and kingdom.
The five kingdoms are
Kingdom
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Structural organisation
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Method of Nutrition
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Types of organisms
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Monera
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small simple single prokaryotes.
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absorb food
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bacteria, blue green algae, spirochetes
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Protista
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Large, single Eucariotic cell
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Absorb, ingest
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Protozoans and algae of various types.
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Fungi
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Multi cellular filamentous form with specialized Eukaryotic cell
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absorb food
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funguses, mushrooms, molds, yeast, smuts and mildew.
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Plante
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Multi cellular; Eukaryotic; do not have own mean of locomotion
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Photosynthesize food
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mosses, ferns, woody and non woody flowering plants
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Animalia
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Multicellular; eukaryotic with own means of locomotion
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ingest food
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sponges, reptiles, amphibians, mammals etc.
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Eukaryote and Prokaryote
An eukaryote (yoo-KAR-ee-ot) is an organism with a complex cell or cells, in which the genetic material is organized into a membrane-bound nucleus or nuclei. Eukaryotes (also spelled "eucaryotes") comprise animals, plants, and fungi—which are mostly multicellular—as well as various other groups that are collectively classified as protists (many of which are unicellular).
Prokaryotes (pro-KAR-ee-oht) are organisms, such as bacteria and archaea, that lack nuclei and other complex cell structures. Eukaryotes share a common origin, and are often treated formally as a superkingdom, empire, or domain. In the domain system, eukaryotes have more in common with archaean prokaryotes than bacterial prokaryotes. The name comes from the Greek ευ, meaning good/true, and κάρυον, meaning nut, in reference to the cell nucleus.
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