Trade Union movement in modern India
Trade Union movement in modern India
Causes and Development
The Indian workers were paid very low wages and had to work in intolerable working conditions in the Industries, factories etc. With the outbreak of World War I imports to India were restricted but there was a huge demand for Indian goods, which led to price increase at the same time the wages did not increase. This made workers to agitate. The Russian revolution of 1917 , the establishment of ILO in 1919 and the leadership provided by nationalist leaders led to the birth of Trade union movement in India.
Important Milestones in Trade union movement
The Indian workers were paid very low wages and had to work in intolerable working conditions in the Industries, factories etc. With the outbreak of World War I imports to India were restricted but there was a huge demand for Indian goods, which led to price increase at the same time the wages did not increase. This made workers to agitate. The Russian revolution of 1917 , the establishment of ILO in 1919 and the leadership provided by nationalist leaders led to the birth of Trade union movement in India.
Important Milestones in Trade union movement
- The first Factory commission was set up in 1875
- First factory act was passed in 1881.
- The second factory commission was appointed in 1884. Mr Lokhande presented a memorandum to the commission thus the first trade unionism started in India.
- The Madras Labour Union was the first trade union of modern type founded by B.P.Wadia
- In 1920 the All India Trade Union Congress was founded by N.M.Joshi, which looked after the interest of labours in General.
- In 1926, Trade Union Act was passed which made provisions for voluntary registration, rights and obligations of Trade Unions.
- The communist began to infiltrate into trade union which led to ideological differences.
- In 1929 AITUC, the moderate section formed a new organization viz. Indian Trades Union Fedration (ITUF).
- In 1933, National Trades Union Federation was formed .
- The Act of 1935 provided for the election of labour representatives. In the second world war period , the labour conditions were same as those of the earlier period, however strikes very few mainly due to the communist leaders who supported the war.
- Ahmadabad Textile Labour Union known as Majur Mahajan was founded by Mahatma Gandhi
- In 1947, the trade union act was passed which made compulsory recognition of Trade unions by employers
- The Industrial disputes act of 1947 which provided for the appointment of conciliation machinery in case of Industrial disputes.
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